Políticas públicas em suicídio: do paternalismo clássico ao paternalismo libertário e nudging

Davi de Paiva Costa Tangerino, Gabriel Cabral, Henrique Olive

Abstract


Os índices dos eventos de suicídio vêm progressivamente aumentando por todo o mundo, demandando de entes públicos a tomada de decisões quanto à implementação de medidas efetivas para coibi-los. As políticas públicas tradicionalmente utilizadas, como a inserção de barreiras físicas em hotspots ou a promoção de campanhas de conscientização, não costumam apresentar resultados satisfatórios, apesar do alto custo de implementação. Tendo em vista este contexto, pretende-se neste artigo promover uma via alternativa de intervenção. Para isto, primeiro debatemos a via do nudging, sua forma de operação e o paternalismo de Estado; segundo, debruçamo-nos sobre os elementos concretos do fenômeno, realizando análises e cruzamentos de dados do Ministério da Saúde do Brasil e do Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística, bem como se utilizando de estudos específicos nacionais e estrangeiros para a identificação de características e padrões dos eventos suicidas; em seguida, debatemos as experiências estrangeiras no desenvolvimento e aplicação de políticas públicas em seu enfrentamento. Com estas informações, discutimos medidas em forma de nudges para a gestão do fenômeno do suicídio, com a pretensão de promover o método e incentivar novas propostas de políticas públicas para este e outros problemas na esfera da gestão pública.

Keywords


Paternalismo de Estado; Nudge; Paternalismo Libertário; Políticas Públicas; Epidemiologia; Suicídio.

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.5102/rbpp.v8i2.5167

ISSN 2179-8338 (impresso) - ISSN 2236-1677 (on-line)

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