A violência doméstica causa diferença salarial entre mulheres?

Paulo R. A. Loureiro, Mário Jorge Mendonça, Tito Belchior Silva Moreira

Abstract


O presente estudo tem como objetivo avaliar se a prática de violência contra as mulheres tem influência na redução dos seus salários. Utilizando dados sobre Vitimização e Justiça da Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra de Domicílios do Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística - IBGE de 2009, construímos uma amostra contrafactual empregando o pareamento por escore de propensão para obter um contrafactual para mulheres que não sofreram violência. Este procedimento mostrou que existe de fato uma grande disparidade no salário médio entre os dois grupos, indicando que a violência contra as mulheres tem reflexo no mercado de trabalho. Para compreender os fatores que explicam a existência desta disparidade salarial, aplicámos o método de decomposição de Oaxaca e Ransom e mostramos que o diferencial
salarial de 51,3% a favor das mulheres, que não sofreram violência, 34,1%, está relacionado com atributos observáveis como produtividade, enquanto 65,9% estão relacionados à discriminação estatística. Em outras palavras, o mercado de trabalho atua de forma tendenciosa contra as mulheres vítimas de violência.

Keywords


violência doméstica; diferença salarial; correspondência de escores de propensão; decomposição Oaxaca-Ransom; discriminação estatística.

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.5102/rbpp.v14i3.8689

ISSN 2179-8338 (impresso) - ISSN 2236-1677 (on-line)

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