O Novo Normal da Governança Global da Saúde: O Tratado sobre Pandemias e a Reconfiguração Normativa do Direito Internacional da Saúde
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5102/rdi.v23i1.10417Keywords:
Direito Internacional da Saúde, Governança Global, OMS, Tratado sobre Pandemias, Direito à Saúde, Solidariedade Internacional.Abstract
A pandemia de COVID-19 revelou as limitações do direito internacional da saúde e da governança global, evidenciando a ausência de instrumentos jurídicos eficazes para assegurar solidariedade, equidade e cooperação entre Estados. Nesse contexto, o Tratado sobre Pandemias, adotado pela 78ª Assembleia Mundial da Saúde em 2025, surge como tentativa de reconfiguração normativa e institucional da governança global da saúde. O presente artigo analisa criticamente as inovações trazidas por esse tratado, especialmente quanto à ampliação das obrigações estatais, à redefinição do conteúdo jurídico do direito à saúde e à criação de novos mecanismos de coordenação e financiamento global. A pesquisa adota abordagem qualitativa e jurídico-analítica, com base em análise documental e revisão bibliográfica. Argumenta-se que o tratado inaugura um regime jurídico híbrido de segurança sanitária global, no qual normas vinculantes e mecanismos cooperativos coexistem. Contudo, permanecem desafios quanto à efetividade jurídica das obrigações e à conciliação entre soberania nacional e solidariedade internacional. O artigo conclui que o Tratado representa um avanço importante, ainda que limitado, na consolidação de um direito internacional da saúde mais equitativo e integrado.References
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