Model International Mobility Convention: An Inter-American System of human rights reflection on the non-criminalization principle

Auteurs-es

DOI :

https://doi.org/10.5102/rdi.v19i2.8346

Mots-clés :

Model International Mobility Convention, migration, refugee, Inter-American System of Human Rights, Inter-American Court of Human Rights, crimigration, non-criminalization principle

Résumé

This paper aims at providing an Inter-American reflection on the Model International Mobility Convention (MIMC). First, it offers an introductory overview of the MIMC. Next, it analyzes the drafter’s background, and the Convention references to assess a perspective of States members of the Inter-American System of human rights was considered. The paper claims the need for a participatory assessment of scholars that provide an Inter-American view. Finally, it suggests some additions to the MIMC regarding the principle of non-criminalization of migration, based mainly on Brazilian law and the Inter-American Court of Human Rights jurisprudence. Other Inter-American contributions are also relevant and need to be the object of further studies.

Biographies de l'auteur-e

  • Lutiana Valadares Fernandes Barbosa, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais
    Lutiana Valadares Fernandes Barbosa Defensora Pública Federal desde 2010, com atuação na área cível e de direitos humanos. Mestre em Direito pela Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Minas Gerais, cum laude. Master of Laws Columbia University cum laude. Doutoranda em Direito Internacional pela Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Membra do Grupo de Estudos da Escola Nacional da Defensoria Pública da União Migração e Inteligência Artificial. Pesquisa os seguintes temas: eduação em direitos humanos, teoria geral da mobilidade humana, inteligência artificial e armas letais autônomas.
  • Ana Luisa Zago de Moraes, Defensoria Pública da União
    Ana Luisa Zago de Moraes Federal Public Defender in Brazil (2010-2022). Master (2009) and Doctor (2016) in Criminal Sciences (PUCRS). Migration Law Profesor in Mercosul School of Defenders (BLODEPM) in 2017. Human Rights Profesor in Master of Human Rights (Uniriter, 2019-2020). Participated in the International Visitor Leadership Program (IVLP) Combating Trafficking in Persons (2021) and in the International Migration Law Course in IOM (2019). Author of the book “Crimigration: the relation between migration and criminal policy in Brazil” (2016). Member of the Public Defender’s National School Group “Migration and artificial intelligence”. Research the following topics: migration, criminalization and transitional justice

Références

American Declaration of the Rights and Duties of Man, O.A.S. Res. XXX, Int’l Conf. of Am. States, 9th Conf., OEA/ser.L/V/II.23 doc.21 rev.6 (May 2, 1948).

Ana Luisa Zago de Moraes. The non-criminalization principle in accordance to the new Brazilian Migration Law. In: Panorama of Brazilian Law. Vol 5, No 7-8. Rio de Janeiro: UERJ, 113-136 (2017). Available at https://www.e-publicacoes.uerj.br/index.php/pbl/issue/view/1816.

Ana Luisa Zago de Moraes, Crimigração: a relação entre política migratória e política criminal. (IBCCRIM, 2016).

Gabriela Rodríguez Pizarro (Special Rapporteur on the Human Rights of Migrants) Specific Groups and Individuals: Migrant Workers, ¶ 73, U.N. Doc. E/CN.4/2003/85, 30 December 2002. https://documents-ddsny.un.org/doc/UNDOC/GEN/G02/162/55/PDF/G0216255.pdf?OpenElement

C. Andrea Mortlock, Admissibility and Merits, Publication, Inter-Am. Comm’n H.R., Report 63/08, Case 12534 (2008)

C. Vélez Loor vs. Panamá, Preliminary Objections, Merits, Reparations, and Costs, Judgment, Inter-Am. Ct. H.R. (ser. C) No. 218 (Nov. 23, 2010).

Diego Acosta Arcarazo & Andrew Geddes, Transnational Diffusion or Different Models? Regional Approaches to Migration Governance in the European Union and MERCOSUR', European Journal of Migration and Law, vol. 16, no. 1, pp. 19-44 (2014).

Draft Model International Mobility Declaration, An Agenda of Principles and Policies for the Next Decade https://www.internationalmobilityconvention.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/11/Model-International-Mobility-Declaration.pdf

François Crépeau (Special Rapporteur on the human rights of migrants), Rep. of Special Rapporteur on the human rights of migrants, U.N. Doc. A/HRC/20/24 https://www.ohchr.org/Documents/HRBodies/HRCouncil/RegularSession/Session20/A-HRC-20-24_en.pdf

Human rights of migrants, refugees, stateless persons, victims of human trafficking and internally displaced persons: Norms and standards of the InterAmerican Human Rights System. Inter-Am. Comm’n H.R., OEA/Ser.L/V/II.Doc. 46/15 ¶ 300 (2015).

Jorge Bustamante (Special Rapporteur on the human rights of migrants), Promotion and Protection of all Human Rights, Civil, Political, Economic, Social, and Cultural Rights, Including the Right to Development, ¶ 65, U.N. Doc. A/HRC/11/7, (May 14, 2009).

Juliet Stumpf, Crimmigration Crisis: Imigrants, Crime and Sovereign Power, 56 Am. U. L. Rev, 371(2006).

Juridical Condition and Rights of Undocumented Migrants, Advisory Opinion OC-18/03, Inter-Am. Ct. H.R. (ser. A) No. 18, (Sept. 17, 2003).

Lei 13.445/2017 de 24 de Maio de 2017, Diário Oficial da União [D.O.U] de 24.5.2017 (Braz.). http://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/_ato2015-2018/2017/lei/l13445.htm

Lutiana Valadares Fernandes Barbosa, Citizenship: A Durable solution for those born as refugees in Collection of the of the II Jean Monnet Network Seminar – BRIDGE “Migration and Citizenship in the European Union and Latin America” Workshop (Editora Emais, 2021) Forthcoming; and The Latin American Journal of European Studies 2nd ed. Dec. 2021 Forthcoming.

Migration Data Portal, Total number of international migrants at mid-year 2020 (Jan. 20, 2021), https://migrationdataportal.org/international-data?i=stock_abs_&t=2020 .

Model International Mobility Commission, Model International Mobility Convention, International Convention on the Rights and Duties of All Persons Moving from One State to Another and of the States They Leave, Transit or Enter, 56 Colum. J. Transnat'l L 342, 342-465 (2018).https://static1.squarespace.com/static/5daf8b1ab45413657badbc03/t/5fc5b5914e98326c02d6b3fd/1606792613853/Volume+56%282%29.pdf

Model International Mobility Convention, International Convention on the Rights and Duties of All Persons Moving from One State to Another and of the States They Leave, Transit or Enter (2017), https://www.internationalmobilityconvention.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/11/mimc_document_web.pdf [https://perma.cc/F3Q3-6G88]

Report on Immigration in the United States: Detention and Due Process, Inter-Am. Comm’n H.R., OEA/Ser.L/V/II. Doc. 78/10 (2010).

Rights and Guarantees of Children in the Context of Migration and/or in Need of International Protection, Advisory Opinion OC-21/14, Inter-Am. Ct. H.R. (ser. A) No. 21, (Aug. 19, 2014).

Report of the Working Group on Arbitrary Detention, Promotion and Protection of all Human Rights, Civil, Political, Economic, Social, and Cultural Rights, Including the Right to Development, and 65, U.N. Doc. A/HRC/7/4, (10 Jan. 2008).

Report on Immigration in the United States: Detention and Due Process, Inter-Am. Comm’n H.R., OEA/Ser.L/V/II. Doc. 78/10, (2010).

Report on Terrorism and Human Rights, Inter-Am. C.H.R., OEA/Ser.L/V/II.116, Doc. 5 rev. 1 corr. (2002).

Sharon Pickering, Mary Bosworth, Katja Aas, Criminologia da mobilidade. In: Leandro Ayres França, Pat. Carlen (orgs.). Criminologias Alternativas. Porto Alegre: Canal Ciências Criminais, 185-191 (2017).

United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), Guidelines on the Applicable Criteria and Standards relating to the Detention of Asylum-Seekers and Alternatives to Detention (2012). https://www.unhcr.org/publications/legal/505b10ee9/unhcr-detention-guidelines.html

Vincent Chetail, International Migration Law (Oxford University Press, 2019).

Téléchargements

Publié

2022-11-30

Numéro

Rubrique

Extraterritorial mechanisms, international cooperation, and protection of victims of human rights violations

Comment citer

Model International Mobility Convention: An Inter-American System of human rights reflection on the non-criminalization principle. (2022). Revista de Direito Internacional, 19(2). https://doi.org/10.5102/rdi.v19i2.8346