A proteção do patrimônio cultural em novas perspectivas: estudo comparado entre a Kulturgutschutzgesetz e a Holocaust Expropriated Art Recovery Act of 2016

Ardyllis Alves Soares

Resumo


Este estudo tem como objetivo analisar a proteção de bens culturais tomando como referências duas normas nacionais, a alemã Kulturgutschutzgesetz – KGSG e a norte americana Holocaust Expropriated Art Recovery Act of 2016 – HEAR. Para alcançar este objetivo, utilizar-se-á a metodologia comparativa de normas legislativas, além do diálogo destas com outras normas internacionais sobre o tema. Utilizou-se, para um melhor desenvolvimento do tema, de fontes bibliográficas e legislativas. Na primeira parte, apresenta-se o contexto dos bens culturais e sua necessidade de proteção. Em seguida, apresenta-se aspectos de proximidade e diferenças entre as duas supramencionadas normas nacionais, com especial atenção aos aspectos temporais das normas.

Palavras-chave


bens culturais, patrimônio cultural, Kulturgutschutzgesetz, HEAR

Texto completo:

PDF Vídeo do autor

Referências


BARNES, Jason. Holocaust Expropriated Art Recovery (HEAR) Act of 2016: a federal reform to state statutes of limitations for art restitution claims. Columbia Journal of Transnational Law, v. 56, n. 3, 2018. p. 593-635.

BLAKE, Janet. Cultural Heritage Law: contextual issues. In: BLAKE, Janet (org.). International Cultural Heritage Law. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2015. p. 1-22.

CAMPFENS, Evelien. Restitution of looted art: what about access to justice? Santander Art and Culture Law Review, v. 4, n. 2, 2018. p. 185-220.

________. Whose Cultural Objects? Introducing Heritage Title for Cross-Border Cultural Property Claims. Netherlands International Law Review, v. 67, n. 2, 2020. p. 257-295.

CZERNIK, Ilja. § 32. In: ELMENHORST, Lucas; WIESE, Volker (org.). Kulturgutschutzgesetz. München: C.H. Beck, 2018. p. 213-219.

DREIER, Thomas; KEMLE, Nicolai B.; WELLER, Matthias (org.). Kunst und Recht - Rückblick, Gegenwart und Zukunft. Baden Baden: Nomos, 2017.

ELMENHORST, Lucas; WIESE, Volker. Kulturgutschutzgesetz. In: ELMENHORST, Lucas; WIESE, Volker (org.). Kulturgutschutzgesetz. München: C.H. Beck, 2018.

FRANKEL, Simon J. The HEAR Act and laches after three years. North Carolina Journal of International Law and Commercial Regulation, v. 45, n. 2, 2020. p. 441-456.

________; SHARONI, Sari. Navigating the ambiguities and uncertainties of the Holocaust Expropriated Art Recovery Act of 2016. Columbia Journal of Law & the Arts, v. 42, n. 2, 2019. p. 157-187.

FRIGO, Manlio. Circulation des biens culturels, détermination de la loi applicable et méthodes de règlement de litiges. Recueil des Cours: collected courses of The Hague Academy of International Law. Kluwer Law International: Hague, 2016. v. 375. p. 89-474.

GERSTENBLITH, Patty. Statutes of limitation and other legal challenges to the recovery of stolen art. In: HUFNAGEL, Saskia; CHAPPELL, Duncan (org.). The palgrave handbook on art crime. London: Palgrave Macmillan, 2019. p. 271-285.

GRAY, Soffia H. Kuehner. The Holocaust Expropriated Art Recovery Act of 2016: an innefective remedy for return in nazi-looted art. University of Illinois Law Review, n. 1, 2019. p. 363-399.

HAUSLER, Kristin. Cultural heritage and the Security Council: Why Resolution 2347 matters. Question de Droit International - zoom in, n. 48, 2018. p. 5-19.

HEIMANN, Hans Markus. § 2. In: ELMENHORST, Lucas; WIESE, Volker (org.). Kulturgutschutzgesetz. München: C.H. Beck, 2018. p. 30-36.

HUFNAGEL, Saskia; CHAPPELL, Duncan (org.). The palgrave handbook on art crime. London: Palgrave Macmillan, 2019.

JAYME; Erik. Die verschwiegene Provenienz: Der Heidelberger Trübner-Fall und die Auslegung des § 40 KGSG. In: WELLER, Matthias; KEMLE, Nicolai B.; DREIER, Thomas (org.). Handel - Provenienz - Restitution. Baden Baden: Nomos, 2020. p. 6-19.

________. Nationale Kunst heute – Betrachtungen zum neuen Kulturgutschutzgesetz. In: DREIER, Thomas; KEMLE, Nicolai B.; WELLER, Matthias (org.). Kunst und Recht - Rückblick, Gegenwart und Zukunft. Baden Baden: Nomos, 2017. p. 71-102.

________. Narrative norms in private international law: the example of Art Law. Recueil des Cours: collected courses of The Hague Academy of International Law. Kluwer Law International: Hague, 2016. v. 375. p. 9-52.

________. Identité culturelle et intégration: Le droit international privé postmoderne: cours général de droit international privé. Recueil des Cours: collected courses of The Hague Academy of International Law. Kluwer Law International: Hague, 1995. v. 251. p. 9-267.

KREDER, Jennifer Anglim. Analysis of the Holocaust Expropriated Art Recovery Act of 2016. Chapman Law Review, v. 20, n. 1, 2017. p. 1-24.

MAGRI, Geo. Directive 2014/60/EU and Its Effects on the European Art Market. Santander Art and Culture Law Review, v. 2, n. 2, 2016. p. 195-210.

MARTINEAU, Anne-Katel. Droit du marché de l’art. Issy-les-Moulineaux: Gualino, 2018.

MIGLIO, Alberto. La restituzione dei beni culturali nell’Unione Europea: dalla Direttiva 93/7 alla Direttiva 2014/60, tra mercato interno e competenza esterna dell’Unione. Diritto del Commercio Internazionale, v. XXX, n. 4, 2016. p. 863-884.

NAHLIK, Stanislaw E.. La protection internationale des biens culturels en cas de conflit armé. Recueil des Cours: collected courses of The Hague Academy of International Law. Kluwer Law International: Hague, 1967. v. 120. p. 61-163.

O’KEEFE, Roger. The protection of cultural property in armed conflict. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2006.

PETERS, Robert. The protection of cultural property: recent developments in Germany in the context of new EU Law and the 1970 UNESCO Convention. Santander Art and Culture Law Review, v. 2, n. 2, 2016. p. 85-102.

RUFFINI, Francesco. De la protection internationale des droits sur les oeuvres littéraires et artistiques. Recueil des Cours: collected courses of The Hague Academy of International Law. Kluwer Law International: Hague, 1926. v. 12. p. 387-597.

SCHACK, Haimo. Zivilrechtliche Auswirkungen des KGSG: Importverbote und Transparenzpflichten. In: WELLER, Matthias; KEMLE, Nicolai B.; DREIER, Thomas (org.). Handel - Provenienz - Restitution. Baden Baden: Nomos, 2020. p. 73-88.

SCOVAZZI, Tullio. Culture. In: CHESTERMAN, Simon et al. (org.). The Oxford Handbook of United Nations treaties. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2019. p. 307-320.

SYMEONIDES, Symeon C. Choice of law in the American courts in 2018: thirty-second annual survey. The American Journal of Comparative Law, v. 67, n. 1, 2019. p. 1-97.

TAȘDELEN, Alper. The return of cultural artefacts: hard and soft law approaches. Cham: Springer, 2016.

TURP, Daniel. La contribution du droit international au maintien de la diversité culturelle. Recueil des Cours: collected courses of The Hague Academy of International Law. Kluwer Law International: Hague, 2015. v. 363. p. 333-454.

WELLER, Matthias. Rethinking EU Cultural Property Law: towards private enforcement. Baden Baden: Nomos, 2018.

________; KEMLE, Nicolai B.; DREIER, Thomas (org.). Handel - Provenienz - Restitution. Baden Baden: Nomos, 2020.

WIELING, Hans Josef; FINKENAUER, Thomas. Sachenrecht. 6. ed. Berlin: Springer, 2020.

WIESE, Volker. § 52. In: ELMENHORST, Lucas; WIESE, Volker (org.). Kulturgutschutzgesetz. München: C.H. Beck, 2018. p. 335-349.

________. § 53. In: ELMENHORST, Lucas; WIESE, Volker (org.). Kulturgutschutzgesetz. München: C.H. Beck, 2018. p. 349-353.

ZEIDLER, Kamil. Restitution of cultural property: hard cases, theory of argumentation, philosophy of law. Gdańsk: Wolters Kluwer, 2016.




DOI: https://doi.org/10.5102/rdi.v17i3.7392

ISSN 2236-997X (impresso) - ISSN 2237-1036 (on-line)

Desenvolvido por:

Logomarca da Lepidus Tecnologia